Use Hand Tools Identify functional basic electronic hand tools

Learning Outcome 1: Identify functional basic electronic hand tools.

ASSESSMENT CRITERIA

1. Basic electronic hand tools are identified according to their applications.

2. Basic electronic hand tools are specified according to job requirements.

3. Functions of electronic hand tools are identified and explained.

REFERENCES:

- Buban, Peter andSchmitt, Marshall. Technical Electricity and Electronics, New York: Mc Graw-Hill: 1972.

- Grob, Bernard. Basic Electronics, 4th Edition; New York: Mc Graw-Hill Company: 1977

- Grob, Bernard. Electronics Circuits and Application; McGraw-Hill Company, USA: 1982

- Markus, John. Electronics Dictionary, 4th Edition; New York: McGraw-Hill Company: 1945

INFORMATION SHEET 1.1
Classification of Hand Tools

Basic Electronic Hand Tools

Driving of Tools

Screwdriver. It is a device specifically designed to insert and tighten or to loosen and remove screws. A screwdriver comprises a head or tip which engages with a screw, a mechanism to apply torque by rotating the tip and some way to position and support the screwdriver. A typical hand screwdriver comprises an approximately cylindrical handle of a size and shape to be held by a human hand and an axial shaft fixed to the handle, the tip of which is shaped to fit a particular type of screw. The handle and shaft allow the screwdriver to be positioned and supported when rotated to apply torque.

o Flat Screwdriver. It is used to drive or fasten negative slotted screws.

o Phillips Screwdriver. It is used to drive or fasten positive slotted screws. It is a screwdriver that could take greater torque and can provide tighter fastenings.

Hex (Allen Wrench). It is used to drive or fasten hexagonal screws. The head has a hexagonal hole turned by an allen key. An Allen key is a hexagonal shaped wrench bent in letter-L. The Allen key was invented by an American, Gilbert F. Heublein,

Precision Screwdriver Set. It is a set of small screw drivers composed of slotted and Philips screwdrivers.

Soldering Tools

Soldering Iron. It is a device used for applying heat to melt solder in attaching two metal parts. A soldering iron is composed of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. Heating is often achieved electrically, by passing a current, supplied through an electrical cord, through a heating element. For electrical work, wires are usually soldered to printed circuit boards, other wires, or small terminals. A low-power iron (15-30 Watts) is suitable for this work.

Some soldering irons have interchangeable tips for different types of work. Fine round or chisel tips are typically used for electronics work. A new tip needs to be coated, heated, and then covered with solder before its first use. This procedure is called "tinning". The tinning forms a liquid layer which facilitates the transfer of heat to the work piece. A dirty tip does not transfer heat well. The tip needs to be kept coated with a shiny layer of solder by occasional wiping and applying solder directly to the tip.

- Soldering Tool Stand. It is a place of the soldering iron to keep them away from flammable materials. The stand often also comes with a sponge and flux pot for cleaning the tip.

- Desoldering tool. It is used for the removal of solder and components from a circuit when troubleshooting, repair purposes and to save components. Electronic components are often mounted on a circuit board and it is usually desirable to avoid damaging the circuit board, surrounding components, and the component being removed.

Splicing Tools

Long Nose. It is used for holding, bending and stretching the lead of electronic component or connecting wire.

Side Cutter. It is a wire-cutting plier, though they are not used to grab or turn anything, but are used to cut wire.

Wire Stripper. It is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters. The addition of a center notch makes it easier to cut the insulation without cutting the wire. This type of wire stripper is

used by rotating it around the insulation while applying pressure in order to make a cut around the insulation. Since the insulation is not bonded with the wire, it will be pulled easily at the end.

Boring Tools

12 Volt Mini-Drill. It is used to bore or drill holes in the printed circuit board (pcb).

Portable Electric Drill. It is used for boring hole/s in the plastic chassis or metal chassis with the used of drill bits.

Metal File. It is a hand tool used to shape metals by grinding. A file series of sharp, parallel ridges or teeth. Most files have a narrow, pointed tang at one end to which a handle can be fitted.

Flat Files. They are parallel in width and tapered in thickness. They are used for flat surfaces and edges.

Half Round Files. They are tapers in width and thickness, coming to a point, and are narrower than a standard half round which are used for filing inside of rings.

Round Files. They are also called rat-tail files gradually tapered and are used for many tasks that require a round tool, such as enlarging round holes or cutting a scalloped edge.

Cutting Tools

Utility Knife. It is a common tool used in cutting various trades and crafts for a variety of purposes.

Hacksaws. They are saws for cutting metal. Some of them have pistol grips which keep the hacksaw firm and easy to grip. The small hand-held hacksaws are consist of a metal arch with a handle that fits around a narrow, rigid blade. The blade has many small saw teeth along one side. It can either be attached such that the teeth face away from the handle, resulting in sawing action by pushing, or be attached such that the teeth face toward the handle, resulting in sawing action by pulling. On the push stroke, the arch will bend a little, releasing the tension on the blade. The blade is normally quite brittle; so extra care is needed to be taken to prevent brittle fracture of the blade.

Auxiliary Tools

Ball-peen Hammer. It is a type of hammer used in metalworking. The ball-peen hammer remains useful for many tasks such as tapping punches and chisels. The original function of the hammer was to "peen" riveted or welded material so that it will exhibit the same elastic behavior as the surrounding material. Specifically, striking the metal imparts a stress at the point of impact which results in strain-hardening of that area. Strain hardening raises the elastic limit of a material into the plastic range without affecting its ultimate strength. A strain-hardened material will not deform under the same low stresses as a non-hardened material. Most metals can be "worked" by such methods until they lose all of their ductile characteristics and become strong but brittle.

Magnifying Glass. It is a convex lens which is used to produce a magnified image of an object. The lens is usually mounted in a frame with a handle (see image). Roger Bacon is the original inventor of the magnifying glass. A magnifying glass works by creating a magnified virtual image of an object behind the lens. The distance between the lens and the object must be shorter than the focal length of the lens for this to occur. Otherwise, the image appears smaller and inverted, and can be used to project images onto surfaces. The framed lens may be mounted on a stand, keeping the lens at the right distance from the table, and therefore at the right distance from the object on the table. The latter applies if the object is small and also if the height is adjustable. Some magnifying glasses are foldable with built-in light

Paint Brush. It is made of bristles set in handle used for cleaning dirty parts of a circuit or an object.