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For controlling the load of appliances such as cooling fans, low-wattage heaters, thermostats, low-wattage light sources, small electrical toys and test benches for loudspeakers, we need a power source whose voltage can be controlled in small steps and is capable of providing current of more than 1A. For that, we require low-resolution digital-to-analogue converters (DACs) with three to seven bits. Here is the circuit capable of setting output voltage between 1.25V and 15V in 64 steps. The circuit can be adapted for a lot of applications.  Low-Cost 6-Bit DAC Circuit Diagram Circuit and working The circuit of the low-cost 6-bit DAC is shown in Fig. 1. The DAC is built around IC 7406, hex inverter (IC3). We may also use IC 7407 with six followers without changing the PCB. Steps are generated with the help of 6-bit digital input code D0 (LSB) through D5 (MSB) at CON2. Consequently, 64 combinations are possible starting from 000000 to 111111. At each combination, you will have a pre-de...

Here is simple but low-cost power inverter circuit project. This power inerter any transformer can be use 6.3 or 12.6 V type. Low-cost Power Inverter Circuit Diagram: Apply the 12-Vde input so the positive goes to the transformer`s center tap and the negative goes to the two transistor emitters. Any bridge type rectifier and filter can be used at the output, if you need de.

Low cost solution for charging of both NiCd and NiMh batteries Here is the circuit diagram of a low cost universal charger for NiCD - NiMH batteries. This circuit is Ideal for car use. It has ability to transform a mains adapter in to a charger . This one can be used to charge cellular phone, toys, portables, video batteries, MP3 players, ... and has selectable charge current. An LED is located in circuit to indicate charging. Can be built on a general purpose PCB or a veroboard. I hope you really like it. Picture of the circuit:    A Low Cost Universal Charger Circuit Schematic Circuit diagram: A Low Cost Universal Charger Circuit Diagram Parts: R1 = 120R-0...5W R2 = See Diagram C1 = 220uF-35V D1 = 1N4007 D2 = 3mm. LED Q1 = BD135 J1 = DC Input Socket Specifications: Ideal for in car use. LED charge indication. Selectable charge current. Charges Ni Cd or NiMH batteries. Transforms a mains adapter into a charger. Charge cellular phone, toys, portables, video b...

This is the very simple and Cheap cost Universal charger for NiCD - NiMH batteries Circuit Diagram. This circuit is ideal for car use. It has ability to transform a mains adapter for the charger. This can be used to recharge cell phones, toys, video batteries, MP3 players, ... and is selectable charging current. A LED is located in the circuit to indicate charging. Can be built on a breadboard or a general purpose PCB. Hope you like it. Universal charger for NiCD - NiMH batteries Circuit Diagram Parts: R1 = 120R-0...5W R2 = See Diagram C1 = 220uF-35V D1 = 1N4007 D2 = 3mm. LED Q1 = BD135 J1 = DC Input Socket Specifications: Ideal for in car use. LED charge indication. Selectable charge current. Charges Ni Cd or NiMH batteries. Transforms a mains adapter into a charger. Charge cellular phone, toys, portables, video batteries … Features: LED function indication. Power supply polarity protected. Supply current: same as charge current. Supply voltage: from 6.5VDC ...

This circuit is a small stereo amplifier for all suitable applications like amplifying small speakers, boxing, etc. It is also suitable for car use but before, the power supply must be choked with at least 150mH and it must give up to approximately 6 to 7 amps during the upstream performance. Appropriate heatsink for the amplifier is SK08 with a height of 50 mm (approx. 2.5 K per watt). You should drill the cooler after soldering the board to center it properly. The TDA2005 also needs not be isolated from the heat sink, since the metal mounting part of the IC is grounded. You should use thermal paste to improve the heat dissipation. After the assembly , case construction is left to the builder. 100K potentiometers are used for adjusting the input volume. The potentiometers are absent in the layout. The 100K resistors need only be installed if the 100 K potentiometers are not used as shown in the layout. You should use a well designed quality transformer to get less noise. It will be an...

This is a simple circuit of low-cost door knock alarm with timer. This is low-cost circuit uses the piezoelectric element of a piezobuzzer as the input sensor. The piezoelectric element plate is fixed at the centre of the door wing by using a cello tape. Apply a small quantity of adhesive at the edges between the plate and the door. Extend wires about 1-1.5 metres from the piezoelectric to the circuit. IC NE555 (IC1) is configured in monostable mode. Low-Cost Door KnocK Alarm With Timer Circuit Diagram: When it gets an input pulse its output goes high for a period set by VR1, resistor R5 and capacitor C3. IC UM66 (IC2) is used as a melody generator. When the door is knocked at, the piezo plate generates an input pulse, which is amplified by transistor T1. The amplified signal triggers the timer IC NE555 and its output pin 3 goes high to enable the melody generator. Music is heard from the speaker LS1. After the set time period, the melody sound stops. Assemble the circuit on a general-...

SEMICONDUCTOR FMS6363 LOW COST VIDEO FILTER ELECTRONIC DIAGRAM The FMS6363 Low Cost Video Filter (LCVF) provides 6dB gain from input to  output. In addition, the input will be slightly offset to optimize the output driver performance. The FMS6363 provides an internal diode clamp to support AC-coupled input signals. If the input signal does not go below ground, the input clamp will not operate. This allows DAC outputs to directly drive the FMS6363 without and AC coupling capacitor (usually 220 ?F). The offset is held to the minimum required value to decrease the standing DC current into the load.

Here is a Low-cost Electronic Circuit Project of Flashing Signal Alarm with LEDs Circuit. Flash signals for the AO-543 modules are derived form the fast- and slow flash outputs. The fast flash signal is generated by a oscillator circuit.A LED  flashing briefly once every 5 seconds to imitate the indicator of a real alarm is the function of this dummy alarm project with the use of a 7555 timer IC.This circuit is useful if you need a low-energy flashing alarm. Low-cost Flashing Signal Alarm with LEDs Circuit Diagram: The 200 to 400-dc supply should have enough internal resistance to charge the 0.5 capacitor between flashes, about 2 or 3 time constants, which means about 500 kQ to 1 for a 1-s rate.Use lower values for higher rates.The Signalalarmfunction shall cause the system to generate a SIGALRM signal for the process after the number of realtime seconds specified bysecondshave elapsed. Processor scheduling delays may prevent the process from handling the signal as soon as it is ge...

Simple and Low-Cost Power supply without transformer. This circuit has a voltage output of about 12 volts with 20mA current voltage. And this series of works using capacitive reactance and resistance are not using, this will reduce the heat on the circuit. Low-Cost Power Supply without Transformer Circuit Diagram To be safe when there is a short-circuit series, always use a fuse on the input voltage is 220V. Here is a series of power supply without a simple transfomer. Part List: R1 - 1.8K 1W R2 - 100Ω C1 - 0.47µF 400V C2 - 1000µF 50V D1 - 1N4007 D2 - 1N4007 D3 - 1N4007 D4 - 1N4007 ZD1 - 16V Zener Diode ZD2 - 16V Zener Diode ZD3 - 12V Zener Diode