Voltage and Current Capacity of Cells

4.3 Voltage and Current Capacity of Cells

The e.m.f. of a cell depends on the materials of its electrodes and the electrolyte. On the other hand, the amount of current an electric cell can produce in a given span of time depends on the quality of electrodes and the electrolyte it is made of.

The table below shows the e.m.f. of some electric cells and the materials they are made of.

	Cell	e.m.f.	Positive Electrode	Negative Electrode	Electrolyte
1	Simple cell (Zinc-acid)	1.5	Copper	Zinc	Dilute sulphuric acid
2	Leclanché	1.5	Carbon	Zinc	Sal ammoniac
3	Mercury	1.35	Steel	Zinc	Potassium hydroxide
4	Silver oxide	1.5	Silver oxide	Zinc	potassium or sodium hydroxide
5	Zinc air	1.4	Oxygen gas	Zinc	potassium hydroxide
6	Lithium air	3.8	Oxygen gas	Lithium	Organic carbonate
7	Lead-acid	2.2	Lead dioxide	Lead	Dilute sulphuric acid
8	Nickel-cadmium	1.25	Cadmium	Nickel hydroxide	Potassium hydroxide
9	Lithium ion	3.6	Lithium cobalt oxide	carbon	Lithium salt in organic solvent

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